C3H2 observations as a diagnostic probe for molecular clouds

Recently the three-membered ring molecule, cyclopropenylidene, C3H2, has been identified in the laboratory and detected in molecular clouds by Thaddeus, Vrtilek and Gottlieb (1985). This molecule is wide-spread throughout the Galaxy and has been detected in 25 separate sources including cold dust clouds, circumstellar envelopes, HII regions, and the spiral arms observed against the Cas supernova remnant. In order to evaluate the potential of C3H2 as a diagnostic probe for molecular clouds, and to attempt to identify the most useful transitions, statistical equilibrium calculations were carried out for the lowest 24 levels of the ortho species and the lowest 10 levels of the para species. Many of the sources observed by Matthews and Irvine (1985) show evidence of being optically thick in the 1(10)-1(01) line. Consequently, the effects of radiative trapping should be incorporated into the equilibrium calculations. This was done using the Large Velocity Gradient approximation for a spherical cloud of uniform density. Some results of the calculations for T(K)=10K are given. Figures are presented which show contours of the logarithm of the ratio of peak line brightness temperatures for ortho-para pairs of lines at similar frequencies. It appears that the widespread nature of C3H2, the relatively large strength of its spectral lines, and their sensitivity to density and molecular abundance combine to make this a useful molecule for probing physical conditions in molecular clouds. The 1(10)-1(01) and 2(20)-2(11) K-band lines may be especially useful in this regard because of the ease with which they are observed and their unusual density-dependent emission/absorption properties

Money and interest rates under a reserves operating target

This study examines the short-run dynamic relationships between nonborrowed reserves, the federal funds rate, and transaction accounts using daily data from 1979 through 1982. Separate models are estimated for each day of the week, and simulation experiments are performed. The results suggest that the funds rate responded quite rapidly to a change in nonborrowed reserves, but that the short-run nonborrowed reserves multiplier for transaction accounts was only about 18 percent of its theoretical maximum. In addition, the Federal Reserve appeared to accommodate about 65 percent of a permanent shock to money, and lagged reserve requirements seemed to delay depository institutions' response to a money shock.Interest rates ; Bank reserves

The effects of electron and proton radiation on GaSb infrared solar cells

Gallium antimonide (GaSb) infrared solar cells were exposed to 1 MeV electrons and protons up to fluences of 1 times 10(exp 15) cm (-2) and 1 times 10(exp 12) cm (-2) respectively. In between exposures, current voltage and spectral response curves were taken. The GaSb cells were found to degrade slightly less than typical GaAs cells under electron irradiation, and calculations from spectral response curves showed that the damage coefficient for the minority carrier diffusion length was 3.5 times 10(exp 8). The cells degraded faster than GaAs cells under proton irradiation. However, researchers expect the top cell and coverglass to protect the GaSb cell from most damaging protons. Some annealing of proton damage was observed at low temperatures (80 to 160 C)

Cultivating a Pedagogy of Empathy: Teaching Science Fiction in a Changing Biotechnological World

CULTIVATING A PEDAGOGY OF EMPATHY: Teaching Science Fiction in a Changing Biotechnological World By KATHY L. AVERY (Under the Direction of John Weaver) Abstract I argue that science fiction affords us the ability to think past our anthropocentrism, opening up a space for us to consider our relationship to burgeoning biotechnologies and the other. I provide critical interpretations of science fiction film and literature, which I believe stimulate the power of the narrative imagination to envision the “netherworld experience of the other”. I believe science fiction provides a site of speculation, a means to better understand and consider the role and position of the post/human as well as the vital issues of human equity and social justice as new technologies challenge the immutability of normatively human boundaries. Martha Nussbaum asserts that the power of the narrative imagination is crucial to the cultivation of sympathy and empathy which are key components of the best modern ideals of a democratic education. This study extends Nussbaum’s theories on the narrative imagination into the realm of science fiction film and literature. I argue that a pedagogy of science fiction not only awakens awareness of biotechnologies, but also stimulates the narrative imagination to empathetically envision a rapidly changing world. Index Words: Science fiction, Biotechnology, Moral imagination, Empath

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SERO-REACTIVITY OF PROTEINS MAP1152 AND MAP1156 FROM \u3ci\u3eMYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM\u3c/i\u3e SUBSPECIES \u3ci\u3ePARATUBERCULOSIS\u3c/i\u3e

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne’s disease (JD) in ruminants. Development of genetic tools and completion of the MAP genome sequencing project expanded opportunities for antigen discovery. In this thesis, I review the current trends in diagnosis and disease control of JD and present the results of the studies on the seroreactivity of two proteins encoded for by the MAP1152-MAP1156 gene cluster. MAP1152 encodes for a PPE protein and MAP1156 encodes a diacylglycerol acyltransferase involved in triglyceride metabolism and classified in the uncharacterized protein family UPF0089. Maltose-binding protein (MBP) tagged recombinant MAP proteins were purified from Escherichia coli. Western immunoblotting analysis indicated that both MAP1152 and MAP1156 displayed reactivity against sera of immunized mice and rabbits, and naturally infected cattle. MAP1156 yielded a stronger positive signal than MAP1152 against sera from cattle with JD. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the recombinant proteins was developed and used to test pre-classified positive and negative serum samples from naturally infected and non-infected cattle. Samples, with one exception, displayed no seroreactivity against MBP-LacZ (P \u3e 0.05), the negative control antigen. MAP1152 displayed seroreactivity against all positive sera, but no seroreactivity to the negative sera (P \u3c 0.01). MAP1156 displayed stronger and more variable reactivity than MAP1152, but significant differences were observed between non- infected and infected cattle (P \u3c 0.05). Otherwise, degrees of reactivity followed the same trend as the positive reference antigen. In conclusion, MAP infected cattle mount a humoral response to both MAP1152 and MAP1156. These findings have potential applications to diagnostics, vaccine production, and elucidation of the immuno-pathogenesis of JD. Adviser: Raul G. Barlett

An Almost Threesome: Erotic Love Triangles and Authorial Choice in Malory’s Le Morte D’ Arthur

It seems to be nearly a critically unanimous consensus that when translating Chretien de Troyes’ romance of the glorious King Arthur, Sir Thomas Malory, in his Le Morte Darthur, approaches the narrative of Sir Lancelot with the unwavering attitude that Lancelot must not only sustain the status of Arthur’s most revered knight and truest friend, but also be a true and ideal lover for Guenevere. This deep sense of friendship and comraderie between Lancelot and his king is also reflected in nearly all of the relationships between Arthur’s knights; which is, similar to de Troyes a very important component of the romances to Malory. What is not as apparent, however, is the subtle use of erotic language in Malory’s text. This is likely to be the case because the most erotic conversations almost never take place between a man and wife. Rather, this language appears more often between the adulterers or even between the knights themselves. If this is true, then it brings into question the value of marriage in the romances and how the act of adultery and the acknowledgment of the erotic affects the Code of Chivalry that each of the knights must uphold. Furthermore, critical discussion on the love triangles in Malory’s work often focuses not on the notion of the relationships being triangular, but rather focuses more on the act of adultery itself. Thus, only two characters are truly involved in the romance, with the third (King Arthur and King Mark) often being presented as the spouse that pushes their wives to be unfaithful. By exclusively discussing the relationships as only traditional adultery a discussion of the other relationships (and often more erotic) are overlooked. In order to conflate the constructions of all of the pertinent relationships it is necessary to look at the discourse between all parties as love triangles instead. So instead of continuing in a similar critical vein and focusing my analysis on the act of adultery alone, this paper will investigate through Malory’s use of love languages, as well as the invocation of the erotic and gendered language, the ways in which this adultery is constructed and how it is nearly a direct inverted mirror image of the marital language. Therefore, taking into account the two most notable and arguably most influential adulterous relationships in Malory’s romance (Sir Tristram and Isode and Sir Lancelot and queen Guenevere), as well as the deep friendships between the knights, the language that the English writer uses in both narratives allows for a deeper consideration on the reception of adulterous relationships, love, and the erotic in a realm based strictly on chivalry and honor